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Buzzard
The Common buzzard is a medium to large-sized raptor that is highly variable in plumage. Most buzzards are distinctly round headed with a somewhat slender bill, relatively long wings that either reach or fall slightly short of the tail tip when perched, a short tail, and somewhat short and mainly bare tarsi. In Europe, most typical buzzards are dark brown above and on the upper side of the head and mantle but can become paler and warmer brown with worn plumage. Usually, the tail will be narrowly barred grey-brown and dark brown with a pale tip and a broad dark subterminal band but the tail in palest birds can show a varying amount of white and reduced subterminal band or even appear almost all white. In European buzzards, the underside coloring can be variable but most typically show a brown-streaked white throat with a somewhat darker chest. 

General Information:


Common Name:Buzzard
Scientific Name:Buteo buteo
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order:Accipitriformes
Family:Accipitridae

Description
The Common buzzard is a medium to large-sized raptor that is highly variable in plumage. Most buzzards are distinctly round headed with a somewhat slender bill, relatively long wings that either reach or fall slightly short of the tail tip when perched, a short tail, and somewhat short and mainly bare tarsi. In Europe, most typical buzzards are dark brown above and on the upper side of the head and mantle but can become paler and warmer brown with worn plumage. Usually, the tail will be narrowly barred grey-brown and dark brown with a pale tip and a broad dark subterminal band but the tail in palest birds can show a varying amount of white and reduced subterminal band or even appear almost all white. In European buzzards, the underside coloring can be variable but most typically show a brown-streaked white throat with a somewhat darker chest. 

Distribution
Common buzzards occur across Europe and Russia, and parts of Northern Africa and Asia in the cooler winter months. Over much of their range, these birds are year-round residents. However, buzzards from the colder parts of the Northern Hemisphere as well as those that breed in the eastern part of their range typically migrate south for the northern winter, many journeying as far as South Africa.

Habitat
Common buzzards live in a range of forests especially woodland, coniferous, temperate broadleaf, and mixed forests and temperate deciduous forest, moorland, scrub, pastures, arable land, marsh, and bog. They may be found in both mountainous or flat country and are sometimes seen in wetlands and in coastal areas. Common buzzards are also adaptive to agricultural lands, rural areas as well as suburban areas with parks and large gardens, in addition to such areas if they're near farms.

Mating Habits
Common buzzards are monogamous pairs mating for life. From March to May, a breeding pair constructs their nest in a big tree on a branch or fork, usually close to the edge of a forest. The nest is a bulky platform made of sticks and lined with greenery, where the female lays two to four eggs. Incubation is for about 33 to 38 days, and when the chicks hatch, they are brooded by their mother for three weeks, the male supplying food. Fledging is when the young are about 50 to 60 days old, and both parents continue to feed them for 6 to 8 weeks more. At 3 years old they are reproductively mature.

Diet
Buzzards are carnivores, they eat birds, small mammals, and carrion. If there is a lack of this prey, they will eat earthworms and large insects.

Threats
  1. Currently, the Common buzzard is not seen to be globally threatened. Historically, in the UK, they were affected by frequent persecution by gamekeepers, which continues in some areas, despite now being illegal.
  2. These birds were also greatly affected by the huge decline during the 1950s of rabbit numbers, one of its main sources of food in the UK, due to the introduction of myxomatosis (a disease caused by the myxoma virus that affects rabbits).


IUCN Status
Least Concern